1. A gap in information. This relates to the lack of primary scientific data, information and documentation on biodiversity in Palestine. Most reports were compiled from secondary sources, with some informal field verification. Although this method effectively captures the broad trends on the status of biodiversity in the country, a more exacting scientific approach is needed for monitoring and assessment purposes. Primary information on the exact number of species, their populations and habitats is needed for all biological kingdoms (Prokaryota, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia). Work should begin with the flowering plants, large mammals and birds. Continuing to work down through the food chains. This approach will provide an indication of the health of Palestine's habitats.
2. A gap in human resources. There are very few biologists (especially marine and wildlife biologists and taxonomists), oceanographers, conservation managers, etc. There is also a need for experienced human resources that can work with collaborative management and community-based initiatives and programmes. This gap will take some time to fill, and so interim steps are needed. Such steps would include training courses for university professors, graduate students, government experts, and community groups in species identification, scientific wildlife data collection, social and economic aspects, and other issues dealing with the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in Palestine priority.
3. A gap in legal frameworks. This includes the lack of an adequate environmental policy and legal framework on which to base all activities for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in Palestine. This is mainly the result of the political situation affecting the country. Given these circumstances it is imperative that adequate environmental policies and legislation be prepared and implemented incorporating biodiversity concerns.
4. A lack of coordination among national and local stakeholder agencies in biodiversity. The existing political constraints imposed by the Israeli occupation has created a situation where the geographical integrity of the Palestinian lands and freedom of movement are hampered. This has restricted communication among national and local stakeholders in the field of biodiversity.
5. Inadequate awareness and commitment to biodiversity. The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip over the years has left the Palestinian society with damaged infrastructure in all aspects of life including education and environment. This has resulted in decline of awareness and commitment to environmental issues, especially those related to the conservation of biodiversity in Palestine. Due to lack of proper education emphasizing on environmental issues, biodiversity concerns no longer became a priority. Therefore, strategic planning and systematic efforts should be exerted, as outlined in this strategy, to reverse this process.